Clinical analysis four cases of synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancer

Abstract

Objective Adenocarcinoma of the rectum and prostate are common male pelvic cancers. There is limited published data related to synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancer. To present a detailed analysis of patients clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis with synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancer. Methods Clinical data of 4 patients with synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancer who were admitted to the Anorectal Department of the Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center from 2013 to 2015 were collected. Patient clinical characteristics and follow-up data were retrieved. We performed radical resection of rectal cancer with prostatectomy for 3 patients including 2 patients by totally laparoscopic procedure, only radical resection of rectal cancer for 1 patients. 3 patients received postoperative chemotherapy and hormonal therapy, 1 patient only received postoperative hormonal therapy. Results The lasting high prostate-specific antigen level was observed in one patient after operation, the others 3 patients had no evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusions Our experience suggests that the synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancer could had a better survival prognosis than metastasis and recurrence of rectal cancer and prostate cancer. We conclude that efficient, aggressive radical resection of rectal cancer with prostatectomy can be designed for suitable patients with synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancers, and the treatment modality should be carefully made and tailored on the individual patient suffering from this disease. Due to the realistic potential for longterm survival, we recommend aggressive postoperative treatment of these patients, include chemoradiation and hormonal therapy according to guideline. Key words: Rectal neoplasms; Surgical procedures, operative; Synchronous multiple primary cancer; Prostate cancer