Clinical analysis and literature review of 7 cases of plasmacytoma first diagnosed with head and neck symptoms

Abstract

Objective:In order to better understand the condition and provide the groundwork for early detection and treatment of plasmacytomas, it is important to examine the clinical characteristics, therapeutic options, and effectiveness of plasmacytomas that are initially identified with head and neck symptoms. Methods:Retrospective analysis, evaluation, and discussion of the clinical data of 7 patients with plasmacytoma initially diagnosed with head and neck symptoms and admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University during the period of June 2013 to November 2022 was done in combination with pertinent literature. Results:All seven patients were diagnosed with plasmacytoma by histopathology, with lesions located in the nasopharyngeal oropharynx in 4 cases, nasal sinuses in 2 cases, and ventricular zone in 1 case. Clinical manifestations and imaging were atypical, with localized manifestations, of which 2 cases were accompanied by multiple skeletal lesions throughout the body, and 4 cases had lymph node metastasis. Surgery was preferred for all patients, and individualized treatment was recommended after surgery. Of the 7 patients, 3 patients underwent surgery and chemotherapy, 2 patients underwent surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 1 patient underwent surgery and radiotherapy, and 1 case was treated with surgery only. The follow-up period was 3-60 months, with a 100% follow-up rate. 5 cases were alive and 2 cases died of multiple myeloma after 4-5 years Conclusion:Plasmacytomas first diagnosed with head and neck symptoms are rare, and extramedullary plasmacytomas have a better prognosis, while more advanced multiple myeloma has a poorer prognosis; Therefore, enhancing the quality of survival as well as the duration of survival for patients with plasmacytomas requires early diagnosis and individualized treatment.