Climatic variability along a north–south transect of finland over the last 500 years: signature of solar influence or internal climate oscillations?

Abstract

.Statistical analysis of a multi‐centennial dendrochronological proxy dataset of regional climate, constructed across the latitudinal gradient of 1000 km, was performed. It was shown that centennial (c. 100 year), tri‐decadal (27‐32 year), bi‐decadal (17‐23 year) and decadal (9‐13 year) periodicities governed the climate variability in Finland over the last five centuries. Despite the fact that many of the climatic periodicities bore great resemblance to periodicities of solar cycles, little evidence of actual solar influence on Finnish climate was found when the climate proxy records were subjected to linear correlation analysis with sunspot numbers. Highly non‐linear response of Northern Fennoscandian climate to solar forcing might be a cause of this result, as well as influence of terrestrial climatic processes (e.g. effect of other forcing factors and internal dynamics of regional climate). Our results show that the presence of internal climate variability at time‐scales of solar activity might distort the solar signature in climatic data and complicate its detection.