Climate change and the water quality threats posed by the emerging contaminants per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and microplastics

Abstract

ABSTRACT Climate change affects how the emerging contaminants per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and microplastics impact human health and the environment. The known and implied effects from PFAS compounds and microplastics are reviewed, followed by an overview of their occurrence, transport, degradation in fresh water and ocean water, and health impacts. PFAS and microplastics releases are increasing as a result of climate change, and the breakdown of microplastics is releasing greenhouse gases, which in turn augments climate change. Strategies are presented for reductions in the release of these emerging contaminants.