Abstract
Music is a heavenly way of expressing feelings about the world. The language of music has vast diversity. For centuries, people have indulged in debates to stratisfy between Western and Indian Classical Music. But through this paper, an understanding can be fabricated while differentiating the types of Indian Classical Music. Classical music is one of the essential characteristics of Indian Cultural Heritage. Indian Classical Music is divided into two major parts, i.e. Hindustani and Carnatic. Models have been sculptured and trained to classify between Hindustani and Carnatic Music. In this paper, two approaches are used to implement classification models. MFCCs are used as features and implemented models like DNN (1 Layer, 2 Layers, 3 Layers), CNN (1 Layer, 2 Layers, 3 Layers), RNN-LSTM, SVM (Sigmoid, Polynomial & Gaussian Kernel) as one approach. A 3 channels input is created by merging features like MFCC, Spectrogram and Scalogram and implemented models like VGG-16, CNN (1 Layer, 2 Layers, 3 Layers), ResNet-50 as another approach. 3 Layered CNN and RNN-LSTM model performed best among all the approaches.
Highlights
India has the most extensive Intangible Cultural Heritage globally, and Music is one of the most crucial aspects of this Cultural Heritage
Pre-trained models used in this study, i.e. ResNet-50, performed best with evaluation metrices i.e Accuracy, Validation Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 score & Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) as 68.08%, 54.17%, 22.91%, 50%, 31.42%, 50%, while for VGG-16 as 49.74%, 58.33%, 20.83%, 50%, 29.41%, 50% using 3 channels input
Evaluation metrices i.e Accuracy, Validation Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 score & ROC for SVM has been observed as 78.51%, 77%, 92.77%, 84.15%, 74.27% for Gaussian Kernel, 75.55%, 71.55%, 97.50%, 82.53%, 70.56% for Polynomial Kernel and 60.74%, 67.70%, 74.71%, 71.03%, 55.06%
Summary
India has the most extensive Intangible Cultural Heritage globally, and Music is one of the most crucial aspects of this Cultural Heritage. Indian Classical Music is divided into two major parts, i.e. Hindustani and Carnatic [1]. The Classical Music tradition followed in India's Northern region is known as Hindustani, while tradition followed in the Southern region is Carnatic [2]. This distinction of music was observed around 16th century. Carnatic Music comprises 72 ragas with the employment of Veena, Mandolin and Mridangam. Hindustani Music whereas comprises 6 major ragas with the employment of Sarangi, Tabla, Santoor and Sitar [4]. The vocal part is prioritized in Hindustani Music, where both are given indistinguishable importance in Carnatic [4]
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