Abstract
Vulnerability analysis in areas vulnerable to anthropogenic pollution has become a key element of sensible resource management and land use planning. This study is intended to estimate aquifer vulnerability using the DRASTIC model and using the vertical electrical sounding (VES) and electrical conductivity (EC) outcomes. The model allows for the identification of hydrogeological environments within the scope of the research, based on a composite definition of each environment’s main geological, geoelectrical, and hydrogeological factors. The results from the DRASTIC model were divided into four equal intervals, high, medium, low, and very low drastic index values. The SW area and NE area depict drastic index values from medium to very high, making it the most vulnerable zone in the study area, while the NW and SW areas show low to very low drastic index values. In addition, the results from the VES and EC the freshwater aquifer in the NE area and brackish water in the SE area, while the rest of the area falls into the category of brackish water. Overall, it can be concluded that areas having freshwater assemblages are on the verge of becoming contaminated in the future while the rest of the NW and SW areas constitute less vulnerable zones. The validation conducted for DRASTIC and EC shows a nearly positive correlation. Wastewater treatment policies must be developed throughout the studied region to prevent contamination of the remaining groundwater.
Highlights
Groundwater is the world’s most valuable resource
Different approaches have been used for the incursion of groundwater vulnerability to contamination
It is worth noting that our methodology suggests an approach to conducting a more comprehensive comparison and correlation between the vertical electrical sounding (VES), Electrical Conductivity (EC), and DRASTIC
Summary
Groundwater is the world’s most valuable resource. It makes up about 90% of humanity’s freshwater supply and supplies about one third of the world’s consumption of water.groundwater water is profoundly vulnerable to contamination [1]. Groundwater is the world’s most valuable resource. It makes up about 90% of humanity’s freshwater supply and supplies about one third of the world’s consumption of water. Groundwater water is profoundly vulnerable to contamination [1]. The contamination of groundwater has become a prevailing problem throughout the world. Sustainable groundwater management should be centered on pollution prevention. Groundwater contamination can still be hard to identify and control for many years and perhaps decades. This study was based on GIS techniques to prepare and integrate data layers and classify the vulnerability of the basin. The vulnerability maps are the final results and indicate which areas of contaminated groundwater are more likely to be contaminated than others.
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