Abstract
We report the first experimental realization of classical hypercorrelation, correlated simultaneously in every degree of freedom (DOF), from observing a Bell-type inequality violation in each DOF: polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM). Based on such a classical hypercorrelation, we have realized the analogy of quantum superdense coding in classical optics. Comparing it with quantum superdense coding using pairs of photons simultaneously entangled in polarization and OAM, we find that it exhibits many advantages. It is not only very convenient to realize in classical optics, the attainable channel capacity in the experiment for such a superdense coding can also reach 3 bits, which is higher than that (2.8 bits) of usual quantum one. Our findings can not only give novel insight into quantum physics, they may also open a new field of applications in the classical optical information process.
Highlights
We report the first experimental realization of classical hypercorrelation, correlated simultaneously in every degree of freedom (DOF), from observing a Bell-type inequality violation in each DOF: polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM)
Based on these classical hypercorrelation states, we study the analogy of quantum superdense coding in classical optics
This means that the present work provides the first demonstration that the superdense coding can be realized in the classical optics, which is analogy of quantum superdense coding using pairs of photons simultaneously entangled in spin and OAM as described in refs 13 and 14
Summary
For a vortex beam in classical optics given order 2,|+2) and|−2), correspond to the north and south poles, respectively In this case, each point on the Bloch sphere stands for a state, which can be described as. Considering the above two aspects, we are sure that the classical hypercorrelation properties exist in polarization and OAM, which are similar to quantum correlation properties from hyper-entangled photon pairs. This means that the following Bell-like state can be produced in the measurement process of the first-order correlation[27]. In order to study the classical analogy of quantum superdense coding, the experimental layout shown in Fig. 3 is considered. Creating 0-OAM components are combined on a PBS
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