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Abstract
A sliding clamp complex may help correct DNA replication errors by keeping track of which DNA strand is new and which is the template.
Highlights
E rrors made when DNA is replicated can lead to cancer and genetic disorders, so cells rely on a system called mismatch repair (MMR) to remove many of the errors from newly synthesized DNA (Hombauer et al, 2011; Kunkel and Erie, 2015; Simmons et al, 2008)
These errors include mismatches that occur when the wrong DNA base is added into the new DNA strand
Kawasoe et al propose that this inbuilt asymmetry is used to direct the enzymes that correct mismatches towards the new strand and not the template strand
Summary
E rrors made when DNA is replicated can lead to cancer and genetic disorders, so cells rely on a system called mismatch repair (MMR) to remove many of the errors from newly synthesized DNA (Hombauer et al, 2011; Kunkel and Erie, 2015; Simmons et al, 2008). These errors include mismatches that occur when the wrong DNA base is added into the new DNA strand (i.e. a base that does not match the one in the template strand). A longstanding question in this field is how the MMR system discriminates the new strand (which contains the errors) from the template (which is error-free) both quickly and accurately.
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