Cities reacting to health outbreaks: a challenge for urban planning, from the modern age to the global pandemic1

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Has the global pandemic innovated the relationship between health and urban planning? To answer the question, the contribution investigates two salient episodes of modern town planning in England and Italy that show how hygiene and sanitation have guided the transformation of the city. It then analyzes two movements of the '90s that develop the issue of health interpreting it as wellbeing. The third part explores the reactions of some cities to Covid-19. The conclusions highlight a framework in which continuity rather than innovation prevail.