Cisplatin influences the skin ion transport – An in vitro study

Abstract

Platinum-based drugs, used in treating tumors, cause numerous undesirable effects in patients, like neuropathic pain, hypersensitivity, reddening, pruritus and rash. Changes in Na+ transport modify local osmolality and contribute to the initiation of hypersensitivity and allergy. They are also associated with stimulation of C-fibres and hyperalgesia. Cl− transport is essential for regulation of sweat composition and the migration of immunocompetent cells.The aim of the conducted study was to assess the effect of a cisplatin solution on the electrophysiological parameters of the isolated rabbit skin specimens. The difference in transepithelial electrical potential (PD) and resistance (R) in stationary conditions and during 15 s mechanical-chemical stimulation (PDmin and PDmax), were measured.Measurement of R revealed that tissue samples were live, and their permeability to ions were stable. Control specimens had PD -0.22 mV (median). The PD of specimens treated by cisplatin was -0.55 mV (median), to for cisplatin and bumetanide 0 mV (median). Treatment with cisplatin did not change the continuous transport of Na+ and K+ ions, but did change that of Cl− ions. Stimulation of samples with the transport blockers of Cl−, Na+ and both induced repeatable and measurable reactions in the transport of the appropriate ions. It was shown that absorption of Na+ ions and release of Cl− ions was intensified than in the untreated specimens.It was proven in the study that cisplatin influences the Na+ and Cl− transport in the skin cells. Restoring the balance in ion flow can prevent side effects of use cisplatin-based drugs.