Abstract
BackgroundThe vasoconstricting peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) is associated with endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether circulating ET-1 levels predicts chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a prospective population study.MethodsIn 2002–2005, 2816 participants (30–74 years) were randomly selected from two municipalities in South-Western Sweden and followed up in a representative sample of 1327 individuals after 10 years. Endothelin-1 levels were assessed at baseline. Outcome was defined as CKD stage 3 or above based on eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2. Those 1314 participants with successful analysis of ET-1 were further analyzed using binary logistic regression.ResultsAt follow-up, 51 (8%) men and 47 (7,8%) women had CKD stage 3 and above. Based on levels of ET-1 the population was divided into quintiles showing that women in the highest quintile (n = 132) had a significantly increased risk of developing CKD during the follow up period (OR = 2.54, 95% CI:1.19–5.45, p = 0.02) compared with the other quintiles (1–4). The association was borderline significant after adjusted for age, current smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, BMI, high- sensitive CRP and LDL-cholesterol (OR = 2.25, 95% CI:0.97–5.24, p = 0.06). No significant differences were observed between quintiles of ET-1 and development of CKD in men (NS).ConclusionsHigh levels of ET-1 are associated with development of CKD in women.
Highlights
The vasoconstricting peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) is associated with endothelial dysfunction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by a progressive loss of kidney function over time and with a high prevalence, amongst individuals with diabetes and hypertension [1,2,3,4,5]
Endothelin‐1 quintiles and clinical characteristics ET-1 concentrations were slightly higher in women than in men when adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI)
Summary
The vasoconstricting peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Current understanding of CKD is that pathological changes, such as glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, glomerular hypertension, cellular hypertrophy, Hellgren et al BMC Nephrol (2021) 22:327 inflammation and extracellular matrix congestion are commonly implicated in the pathophysiology of the disease [9]. These changes, to varying degree, contribute to the decline in kidney function [10,11,12]. Elevated levels of ET-1 can damage the kidneys podocytes, cause structural change and cause a decline in the barrier function [12]. We set out to examine the relationship between circulating ET-1 levels and CKD in the longitudinal population-based study of the VaraSkövde cohort
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