Circular supply chain implementation performance measurement framework: a comparative case analysis

Abstract

Circular supply chain (CSC) has gained traction amongst academicians, practitioners, and policymakers across the world due to its wide range of sustainable benefits to business organizations. CSC amalgamates the circular economy (CE) thinking into supply chain operations of industry and improves the three sustainability dimensions of the organizational performance. However, manufacturing organizations in developing economies are finding difficult to measure the impact of CSC adoption on organizational performance. Therefore, this research aims to explore the CSC performance measures and to develop a performance measurement framework for assessing the impact of CSC implementation on business organizational performance. This research proposes a modified balanced scorecard (BSC) based hybrid framework of Pythagorean fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (PF-AHP) and Pythagorean fuzzy weighted aggregated sum product assessment (PF-WASPAS) methods. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is validated through an empirical case study of an Indian manufacturing company. Further, the proposed framework is tested with other three Indian manufacturing companies and their results are compared with the case company. The finding reveals that the overall performance of empirical case company is 62.88% based on define set of performance measures and performance of other three companies are 64.51, 56.47, and 52.43%, respectively. The outcomes of this study shows that the proposed research framework is more reliable, consistent, and robust with circular perspectives and it also offers an effective way to measure and benchmark the impact of CSC adoption on organizational performance. This research contributes to the knowledge of CSC management for achieving sustainability in the business environment.