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Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers that causes high mortality in the world. Although the surgery tools and chemotherapies have significantly improved the overall survival of patients with GC, the early diagnosis of GC remains insufficient and many patients diagnosed with advanced stages of GC are not able to benefit from curative therapy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), novel members of the non-coding cancer genome, are being explored with regards to various cancer types including GC. CircRNAs could work as miRNA sponges to regulate cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell cycle in GC. In addition, it was found that abnormal expression of circRNAs was associated with pathological characteristics in GC tissues, which could help to act as potential markers of early diagnosis or predictors of prognosis. Although various functional circRNAs have been discovered and characterized, the studies of circRNAs in GC are still at early stages compared with other RNAs. In order to provide a whole view to better understand the circRNAs in the occurrence and development of GC, we review the current knowledge on circRNAs in relation to their expression and regulation in GC as well as their potential to be diagnosis markers, and their role in drug resistance will be mentioned. It is helpful to address their possibility from basic research into practical application.
Highlights
Gastric CancerGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers
In order to provide a whole view to better understand the circRNAs in the occurrence and development of GC, we review the current knowledge on circRNAs in relation to their expression and regulation in GC as well as their potential to be diagnosis markers, and their role in drug resistance will be mentioned
Through genomic and statistical analysis GC could be classified into four subgroups: Epstein-Barr virus positive tumors (9%), microsatellite unstable tumors (22%), genomically stable tumors (20%), and chromosomally unstable tumors (50%), which might be used in the determination of prognosis and treatment [2]
Summary
Gastric CancerGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers. The mortality of GC accounts for 8.2% of all cancer death, being the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The functions and molecular mechanism of circRNAs remains largely unexplored, recent evidences suggested that circRNAs are aberrant expressed in several cancer types with tissue-and disease-specificity, making them a potential diagnosis biomarker in cancer [13]. CircLARP4 was decreased and inhibited proliferation and invasion in GC cells by sponging miR-424 and upregulating LATS1 gene, whose expression is correlated with the pathological stage as well as unfavorable prognosis.
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