Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism of miR‐302b in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation in gastric cancer. Samples of tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 30 gastric cancer patients. Bioinformatics and the dual luciferase report were used for verification of the relationship between miR‐302b expression and cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). RT‐PCR and western blot were used to examine CDK2 mRNA and protein levels. The impacts of miR‐302b on CDK2 expression and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway were assessed in cells transfected with miR‐302b analogs and CDK2 overexpression carrier, respectively. We used 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) to assay gastric cancer cell growth after transfection, flow cytometry to analyze cell cycle. Compared with normal tissues, miR‐302b expression was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues, which was significantly related to lymph node metastasis, metastasis distance, and TNM staging. miR‐302b expression was increased in miR‐302b mimics transfected cells and was significantly decreased in miR‐302b inhibitors transfected cells. CDK2 is a target gene of miR‐302b. Decreased miR‐302b and increased CDK2 expressions can significantly promote proliferation and G1/S phase transformation in gastric cancer. miR‐302b promoted the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of CDK2, thereby inhibiting ERK pathway, which can in turn inhibit the promoting ability of miR‐302b on proliferation. The upregulation of miR‐302b reduced the expression of CDK2, and inhibited ERK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and G1/S phase conversion rate. Therefore, miR‐302b provides new perspectives for research of cell regulation and proliferation in gastric cancer, and new targets for gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Highlights
Gastric cancer is the most common form of gastrointestinal cancer
Many studies suggest that the genetic mutations and epigenetic regulation of miRNA expression induced upregulation or downregulation which plays an important role in the development of gastric cancer [18,19,20]
Cycle-related proteins cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) was a new target genes regulated by miR-302b, and it appeared that miR-302b- mediated CDK2 upregulation could play an important role in the promotion of gastric cancer cell proliferation and cell phase conversion process
Summary
A survey in 2008 found that gastric cancer accounted for 8% of all new cancer cases, and 10% of all cancer mortalities worldwide [1]. Data showed that the incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer were higher in China than the global average, with the diagnosis rate of approximately 10% for early-stage cancer, and 90% for advanced cancer. The 5-year survival rate of early gastric cancer was more than 70%, but
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