Abstract
AbstractAmongst the fungi that cause damage to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and are disseminated by seeds,Colletotrichum lindemuthianumstands out. This fungus causes anthracnose in common bean plants. The use of natural compounds, for example essential oils (EO), is a viable and safer option than chemicals to manage this disease. According to the results of the in vitro assay, we observed complete inhibition of the growth ofC. lindemuthianumwith the use ofCinnamomum cassiaEO and its major component (E)‐cinnamaldehyde, presenting MIC of 125 µg/ml, whilst the commercial fungicide presented MIC of 30.6 µg/ml. In addition in vivo assay, where seeds naturally infected withC. lindemuthianumwere treated with the EO and the substance in a solution with commercial soybean oil, we observed reducing the incidence of anthracnose over the days evaluated, as well as for the commercial fungicide used (thiophanate‐methyl). In addition, the treatments did not affect germination and initial seed vigour. This is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy ofCi. cassiaessential oil and (E)‐cinnamaldehyde on the control ofC. lindemuthianumthrough the treatment of common bean seeds.
Highlights
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most consumed foods worldwide (NETO and SANTOS 2018), being cultivated in Brazil in an area of 213,000.9 ha (CONAB 2015)
Essential oil: Ten chemical constituents were found in the essential oil of C. cassia, the majority being (E)-cinnamaldehyde (82.03%), (E)-o-methoxycinamaldehyde (9.49%)
With the exception of C. cassia essential oil at the concentration of 500 μg/ml the other treatments significantly reduced germination speed index (GSI) when compared with control
Summary
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most consumed foods worldwide (NETO and SANTOS 2018), being cultivated in Brazil in an area of 213,000.9 ha (CONAB 2015). Brazil has the potential to increase common bean yield, but one of the limiting factors is the anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum For anthracnose in common bean, the development of new cultivars with the desired characteristics is slow and with low durability (Assefa et al.2019), mainly due to the variability of the pathogen (Davide and de Souza 2009; Pinto et al 2012; Costa et al 2017). The use of fungicides is an important component of integrated strategies to minimize losses caused by anthracnose (Conner et al 2009; Amin et al 2014)
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