Abstract
Haemaphysalis longicornis is a notorious vector tick species widely distributed in China, with its current control relying heavily on synthetic chemicals. The disadvantages of chemical acaricides including single mechanism of action, environmental pollution, and easy-to-induce acaricidal resistance have long been criticized. As plant extracts and essential oils (EOs) have been proven to show good insecticidal activity and environmental safety, hence, in this study, the chemical constituents of EOs from Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum camphora were analyzed and their potential for application in the control of H. longicornis was explored. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that the Trans-cinnamaldehyde and Diethyl phthalate were the main components of the EOs of C. cassia and C. camphora, respectively. Larval packet test and nymph immersion test showed that the EOs of C. cassia and C. camphora had significant acaricidal activity against unfed larvae and nymphs of H. longicornis, and the EO of C. cassia showed more toxic against unfed adults than C. camphora EO at the same concentration. Enzyme assays revealed that the C. cassia EO significantly inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), and C. camphora EO and Trans-cinnamaldehyde had no significant effect on AchE. Cinnamomum cassia EO and C. camphora EO significantly inhibited the activity of carboxylesterase (CarE). Trans-cinnamaldehyde significantly inhibited the activity of catalase (CAT), and C. cassia EO and C. camphora EO had no obvious effect. The above results suggested that the EOs of C. cassia and C. camphora and their major components target different enzymes, which may potentially mitigate the acaricidal resistance development in tick, indicating the prospect that these EOs may become an effective substitute for chemical synthetic acaricides in tick control.
Published Version
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