Cigarette smoke aqueous extract affects endothelium, monocytes and their interaction

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Aim: Cigarette smoke causes vascular endothelial cells (ECs) dysfunction, a key event in atherogenesis. We recently demonstrated that cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), which contains the hydrophobic components of cigarette smoke, stimulates the expression of adhesion molecules by ECs and the release of chemotactic factors by human monocytes (HM) that in turn cause a change in EC morphology. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the Aqueous Extract (AE) of cigarette smoke, which contains hydrophilic components of both the condensate and the gas phase, on HM and EC interaction in the atherosclerotic process.