Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a cicatrização de lesões por pressão em pacientes na atenção domiciliar. Método: estudo longitudinal observacional com amostra intencional de 38 pacientes conduzido em um serviço de atenção domiciliar. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e as características das lesões no período de abril a outubro de 2015. A cicatrização foi avaliada pelo instrumento Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing, por planimetria e pela profundidade das lesões por pressão. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante as visitas domiciliares realizadas na admissão do paciente no serviço e após quatro e seis semanas. Dados em prontuário também foram coletados. A comparação das variáveis referentes à cicatrização foi realizada pelo Teste de Friedman e a probabilidade de cicatrização, pelo método Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: dos pacientes, 50% eram mulheres e 60,5%, idosos. A mediana de lesões por paciente foi 2. Predominaram os estágios 2 (48,3%) e 3 (35,6%), e 47,1% das feridas cicatrizaram. O escore do Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing, a planimetria e a profundidade variaram significativamente no período do estudo (p<0,05). A probabilidade de cicatrização aumentou com o passar do tempo, sendo a mediana de cicatrização 44 dias. Conclusão: houve evolução favorável na cicatrização de acordo com os métodos de mensuração utilizados.
Highlights
Home Care (HC) is a modality of care integrated into the health care network, aimed at integrality and actions of health promotion, palliative care, prevention and treatment of diseases and rehabilitation.[1]
In 2011, HC was reordered within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), provided by Primary Health Care Units or specific services called Home Care Services (HCS), according to the complexity of care demanded by the patients
The sample was intentional and the patients were sequentially inserted into the study as they were admitted to HCS of the Grupo Hospitalar Conceição (HCS/GHC)
Summary
Home Care (HC) is a modality of care integrated into the health care network, aimed at integrality and actions of health promotion, palliative care, prevention and treatment of diseases and rehabilitation.[1] In 2011, HC was reordered within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), provided by Primary Health Care Units or specific services called Home Care Services (HCS), according to the complexity of care demanded by the patients. A considerable prevalence of patients with wounds who receive care from HCS have been observed in clinical practice and in publications. Leg ulcers, and pressure injuries are reported to be the most prevalent.[3,4,5] International studies conducted in Japan, the United States and Canada have observed a prevalence of 3.52 to 9% in patients with pressure injury who receive home care assistance.[6,7,8] In Brazil, data on the occurrence of pressure injury in HCS are limited. A study in the Municipality of Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil found a prevalence of 19.1%.9
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