Abstract
The ecological change caused by tin mining activity is among the most important sorts of problem in the environment, including heavy metals contamination and change of microecosystem. This article aim to identify speciation of metals and heavy metals in post tin mining aquatic ecosystem, particularly, disused tin mining ponds in West Bangka, Indonesia in a chronosequence effect study. S peciation of metals and heavy metals are detected by X-Ray Fluorescence. X-Ray Fluorescence analysis show that heavy metals in post tin mining ponds like Fe, Sn, and Cu and also some metals such as Mg, Si, Al, S, and P were detected with a different numbers. There is a speciation of heavy metals and metals in post tin mining ponds with chronosequence effect. It can become an important and basic study about potential bioremediator in the research locations. Further, researches about microecosystem change and interaction of microorganisms and heavy metals there can become an information to design an ecological management tool to manage this ecosystem so it can be used for primay or secondary activity.
Highlights
Tin mining activity had contributed to ecological problems such as threat to natural reserves due to landscape changes, damage to natural drainage, pollution, heavy metals contamination and destruction of natural habitats (Ashraf et al, 2010; Ashraf et al, 2012a; Daniel et al, 2014)
An understanding of heavy metals dynamic in a chronosequence effect was crucial in order to predict ecosystem conditions and detect environment changes
PH value was Kurniawan, A. 2017, Chronosequence Effect of Post Tin Mining Ponds analyzed by pH meter, water temperature was analyzed by digital thermometer, total disolved solids (TDS) was analyzed by TDS meter, and metals or heavy metals were analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence
Summary
Tin mining activity had contributed to ecological problems such as threat to natural reserves due to landscape changes, damage to natural drainage, pollution, heavy metals contamination and destruction of natural habitats (Ashraf et al, 2010; Ashraf et al, 2012a; Daniel et al, 2014). Some researches have done to detect heavy metals in tin mining activity, such as in Bangka of Indonesia (Henny, 2011; Rosidah and Henny, 2012), in Malaysia (Ashraf et al, 2012a), and in Nigeria (Daniel et al, 2014). A chronosequence effect of post tin mining ponds ecosystem to heavy metals, in West Bangka, Indonesia have not be done. It becomes an important part to determine the aquatic ecosystem management
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