Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental disorder with immense personal and societal costs; identifying individuals at risk is therefore of utmost importance. Genomic risk profile scores (GRPS) have been shown to significantly predict cases-control status. Making use of a large-population based sample from Sweden, we replicate a previous finding demonstrating that the GRPS is strongly associated with admission frequency and chronicity of SCZ. Furthermore, we were able to show a substantial gap in prediction accuracy between males and females. In sum, our results indicate that prediction accuracy by GRPS depends on clinical and demographic characteristics.
Highlights
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is regarded as one of the most serious mental disorders, due to the substantial morbidity, mortality, immense personal and societal costs of the disorder (1–3)
The Nagelkerke pseudo-R < sp > 2 (NkR2) was used to compare the amount of variance explained by principal components (PC) with the percentage of variance explained while adding genomic risk profile scores (GRPS)
Independent of chronicity the prediction accuracy of GRPS was significantly worse in female subjects with SCZ
Summary
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is regarded as one of the most serious mental disorders, due to the substantial morbidity, mortality, immense personal and societal costs of the disorder (1–3). As a measurement of genetic liability, GRPS aggregate risk alleles from variants identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) into a weighted sum that assesses the inherited liability to SCZ. GRPS have been shown to successfully predict casecontrol status of SCZ, albeit with varying sensitivity and specificity (4). Besides known confounders, such as population stratification, clinical and demographic characteristics of the samples studied might affect prediction accuracy of GRPS. We showed that GRPS are significantly associated with chronicity of SCZ. Given the differential expression of SCZ in women and men, especially with regard to the clinical course, we aim to explore potential mediating effects of sex
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