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Abstract
Stress has been considered as one of the causes of decreased reproductive function in women. However, direct evidence of the effect of chronic stress on oocytes depending on estrous cycle phases is limited. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of chronic stress on the viability, integrity, and maturation of rat oocytes depending on estrous cycle phases, specifically proestrus, estrus, and diestrus. For this purpose, adult female rats were stressed daily by cold water immersion (15 °C) for 30 consecutive days. In chronically stressed female rats, irregular estrous cyclicity, increased corticosterone levels, decreased oocyte viability, and an increased percentage of abnormal oocytes were obtained in all the estrous cycle phases, resulting in reduced oocyte maturation during proestrus. Oocyte maturation disturbed by chronic stress is a crucial factor by which chronic stress disrupts female reproduction.
Highlights
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Stress is defined as a disruption in an organism’s homeostasis, and the stress response depends on the intensity and duration of the stimuli
When the effect of chronic stress on oocyte viability was evaluated, we found that it was significantly reduced in all the estrous cycle phases (44.6 ± 8.81% proestrus; 28.6 ± 14.89% estrus; 28.6 ± 10.47% diestrus) compared to the control
We previously reported a decrement in the hypothalamic content of Kisspeptin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), reduced luteinizing hormone (LH)
Summary
Stress is defined as a disruption in an organism’s homeostasis, and the stress response depends on the intensity and duration of the stimuli (stressor). Stress, both acute or chronic forms, can result in physical or physiological disorders. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of chronic stress on the viability, integrity, and maturation of rat oocytes depending on estrous cycle phases, proestrus, estrus, and diestrus. Results: In chronically stressed female rats, irregular estrous cyclicity, increased corticosterone levels, decreased oocyte viability, and an increased percentage of abnormal oocytes were obtained in all the estrous cycle phases, resulting in reduced oocyte maturation during proestrus. Conclusion: Oocyte maturation disturbed by chronic stress is a crucial factor by which chronic stress disrupts female reproduction published maps and institutional affiliations
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