Abstract
PurposeKidney filtration decreases with age, which results in an increased frequency of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the elderly population. The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and epidemiology of CKD in the Polish elderly population.MethodsA representative sample of the Polish elderly population, composed of 918 people (F 452, M 466) in the age of ≥75 years, was chosen. All participants had their history, anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters (creatinine, fasting glucose, complete cholesterol) evaluated. CKD was diagnosed when eGFR was <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. The comorbidities, anthropometric and social factors connected with the onset of CKD were also analyzed.ResultsThe prevalence of CKD in the analyzed population was 26.9% (F 32.0%, M 15.8%), which gives an estimated number of 495,590 (95% CI 396,363–594,817) patients in the study subpopulation. The majority of these people were in the G3A category—70.1%, while the remaining fell under the G3B—25.7%, G4—3.1% and G5—1.1% categories. Disease awareness among the participants was found to be at 17%. Arterial hypertension (AH) was more frequent in people with CKD (91.0 vs. 80.3%, P < 0.001), whereas diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence was comparable in both CKD and non-CKD groups (11.7 vs. 11.4%, ns). In the examined group, DM had no influence on the frequency of CKD. In contrast, the presence of cardiovascular diseases substantially increased the chances of developing CKD (OR 1.87, P < 0.05).Conclusion1. The prevalence of CKD in the Polish elderly population was 26.9%. 2. Awareness of CKD is low. 3. DM, increasing age and AH did not increase the risk of CKD. 4. Coexistence of cardiovascular diseases increased the risk of having CKD.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease characterized by a decrease in renal filtration function and/or damage to the kidney structure
The traditional criteria of CKD diagnosis and classification based on estimated value of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values are calculated on the basis of formulae not validated for the discussed population; it does not take into account neither the physiological changes connected with aging nor pathologies of elderly, such as sarcopenia or frailty syndrome
The aim of this paper is to assess the prevalence of CKD in the Polish population of elderly people of 75 years and above, who took part in the WOBASZ Senior Survey
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease characterized by a decrease in renal filtration function and/or damage to the kidney structure This disease was precisely defined in guidelines published in 2012 by the international group, “Kidney Disease—Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) [1]”. This revised definition includes the previously known criteria which divided CKD into five stages of disease progression, based on the estimated value of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), appended with the level of albuminuria intensity. There is still a fierce discussion on whether the high prevalence of CKD in the elderly population is a pathological state or a result of the general physiological aging of the organism. The aim of this paper is to assess the prevalence of CKD in the Polish population of elderly people of 75 years and above, who took part in the WOBASZ Senior Survey
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