Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the hypoglycaemic potential of supplementary Cr in the form of chromium(III) glycinate (CrGly) in the diabetic model of rats. The experiment was conducted on 40 male Wistar rats, of which 30 were made diabetic by injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg b.m.), while the remaining 10 rats served as the healthy control. After inducing hyperglycaemia, 2 groups of diabetic rats (10 rats each) were supplemented with Cr either as CrGly or chromium(III) picolinate (CrPic) given orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg diet (about 0.75 mg Cr/kg b.m.) with adequate AIN-93M diet for 7 weeks. At the termination of experiment, all animals were sacrificed to collect blood and internal organs for biochemical assays. Blood biochemical indices and tissular trace element contents (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr) were measured and compared with the values of the untreated groups. It was found that CrGly significantly decreased blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels more efficiently than CrPic. Furthermore, both Cr compounds normalized disturbed the serum, renal and cardiac molar Cu/Zn ratio, as well as restored the kidney Zn and Cu levels in rats with hyperglycaemia. Supplementary Cr did not increase the tissular Cr levels in diabetic rats. The study confirmed the hypoglycaemic potential of CrGly in the diabetic model of rats.
Highlights
Diabetes is a metabolic disease causing glucose homeostasis disorders
Cr(III) supplementation is not recommended for people with kidney or liver disease
After 7 days of adaptation, the animals were divided into four groups: C—the control group, D—the diabetic control group, D+chromium(III) glycinate (CrGly)—diabetic rats fed a diet supplemented with CrGly at the dose of 10 mg Cr/kg/diet and D+ CrPic—diabetic rats fed a diet supplemented with chromium(III) picolinate at a dose of 10 mg Cr/kg/diet
Summary
Diabetes is a metabolic disease causing glucose homeostasis disorders. According to the WHO estimates, in 2014, there were 422 million people aged over 18 years with diabetes worldwide [1]. Dietary supplements that could improve disturbed carbohydrates balance are very popular, especially in the USA. The analysis of the NHANES study data and the filtering the database for the required covariates (sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, Dietary Cr(III) supplementation is generally considered as safe, but in some cases, it may lead to the accumulation of this element in the kidneys [3]. Cr(III) supplementation is not recommended for people with kidney or liver disease. High doses of Cr(III) supplements affect the homeostasis of other elements
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