Abstract
AimTo determine choroidal thickness in healthy Indian subjects using Swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).MethodsIn this prospective, observational, cross-sectional study; healthy Indian subjects (n = 230) with no history of ocular and/or systemic disorders were enrolled in the study. Choroidal thickness was measured for 230 eyes using SS-OCT. Subjects were divided into six age groups. Main outcome measures were subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and macular choroidal thickness (MCT) up to 3 mm at 500-micron interval from the fovea was measured in eight different quadrants.ResultsThe mean SFCT was 307±79 μm and mean MCT was 285±75 μm. No difference in the choroidal thickness was found among genders. Mean SFCT of the different age groups was 327±68 μm (12–18 years), 364±70 μm (18.1–30 years), 321±78 μm (30.1–40 years), 304±79 μm (40.1–50 years), 283±69 μm (50.1–60 years) and 262±72μm (above 60 years; p <0.001; One way ANOVA). Mean macular choroidal thickness was 305±60 μm, 342±61 μm, 306±72 μm, 282±79 μm, 261±66 μm, 238±68μm respectively (p<0.001; one way ANOVA). A significant weak negative correlation was found between age with SFCT (r = -0.368, p<0.001) and MCT (r = -0.40, p<0.001). No significant correlation was found with refractive error, axial length and ocular perfusion pressure.ConclusionThis study showed that mean SFCT and MCT was 307±79μm and 285±75 μm, respectively, among healthy Indian subjects. Mean CT was found to decrease with age, although there was no difference in CT between genders.
Highlights
No difference in the choroidal thickness was found among genders
No significant correlation was found with refractive error, axial length and ocular perfusion pressure
This study showed that mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and macular choroidal thickness (MCT) was 307±79μm and 285±75 μm, respectively, among healthy Indian subjects
Summary
The choroid, with metabolic support of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), provides nourishment and blood supply to the outer retina, and pre-laminar portion of the optic nerve.[1,2] Abnormalities of choroid have been a major concern in the pathophysiology of chorio-retinal diseases [3,4] such as central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), [5,6] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, [7] polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), [8,9] high myopia, [10] and diabetes mellitus (DM). [11] An advanced, non-invasive and quick method used in structural analysis of choroid is Optical coherence tomography (OCT) which works on the principle of low coherence interferometry.[12]. Swept source (SS) OCT has the potential of simultaneous imaging of the retina and choroid without EDI. It uses high penetration OCT probe with wavelength of 1050 nm and improved resolution compared to SD-OCT.[14] SS-OCT can reproducibly measure Choroidal thickness (CT) in 100% of eyes with an acquisition rate of 100,000 A scans/sec whereas SD-OCT can measure the same, only in 74.4% of eyes at a rate of 27,000 A scans/sec.[15] As the reproducibility and penetration is higher in SS-OCT, it can provide more accurate measurement of choroidal thickness compared to SD-OCT
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