Cholesterol lowering activity of lipide in wheat gluten

Abstract

The administration of phenobarbital or carbon tetrachloride to rats caused various changes in hepatic fatty acid content and composition. Phenobarbital elicited no effect on the total amount of fatty acids but significantly decreased myristic, pentadecanoic, and arachidonic acids and increased eicosatrienoic, eicosapentenoic, lignoceric, and docosatrienoic acid. In contrast, carbon tetrachloride enhanced significantly the total content and several components such as pentadecanoic, palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, arachidic, eicosenoic, eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, docosapentenoic, lignoceric and docosahexenoic acids. It elicited no effect on arachidonic acid. Unsaturated fatty acid moieties participating in the structure of these phosphatides were increased by phenobarbital and diminished by carbon tetrachloride. Phenobarbital caused a reduction in the ratio of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids mainly because of the decreased palmitic and increased oleic, linoleic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, docosapentenoic, and docosahexenoic acids. The significant variation brought about by phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride on tissue fatty acids and in particular on fatty acid composition of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine fractions reflects the opposing effects of these compounds on the liver cell. The major action of phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride is associated with changes of the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, their contrasting effect on fatty acid composition and metabolism may suggest that the disposition of lipid constituents plays a determinant role in the hepatic action of foreign compounds.