Abstract

Although Opisthorchis viverrini (OV), lifestyle, and diet co-factors have a relatively high prevalence in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) population, cumulative (0–74) incidence rates of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) do not reach 5% in this region. Other co-factors must influence, but in this study, we only highlighted positive factors for guiding joint planning to address public health problems at the regional level. Therefore, we aimed to study prevalence and factors associated with CCA incidence focusing only on protective factors. A cross-sectional analytic study was carried out from June to October 2017. Participants with informed consent completed the questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze general information. Primary variables were classified into high and low levels by mean. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the correlation between interesting variables and the overall risk level of CCA. The overall prevalence of CCA protective factors of the whole region was knowledge (61.39%), health beliefs (42.32%), prevention behavior (31.93%), and community participation (14.53%). When considering the proportions at a high level, they were 49.53%, 53.72%, 35.37%, and 49.67%, respectively. Significant factors associated with CCA prevention were females with secondary or vocational education, a high level of perceived seriousness and benefits, and community participation. These findings are likely to be helpful for both the public and administrators. First, it can be information for people to be aware of CCA risk. Second, policy-driven authorities at the local or regional level should apply the critical issues from this study for joint planning to sustainably solve regional public health problems.

Highlights

  • The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) are lowlands with many tributaries that flow into the Mekong River

  • The people living in this region are the resource-poor countries in Asia [2], but they have a high risk of Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) [3]

  • This research aimed to study the prevalence and the factors associated with CCA incidence among rural people along the Mekong River in the GMS, focusing only on the protective factors

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Summary

Introduction

The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) are lowlands with many tributaries that flow into the Mekong River. It is undeniable that this river has formed people’s culture, beliefs, religion, and way of life. People have similar traditions, beliefs/religions, ways of life, and food consumption culture. The people living in this region are the resource-poor countries in Asia [2], but they have a high risk of Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) [3]. The incidence of both diseases is high in rural residents, especially those with poor social status [4], they still do not get attention in the western world. They are classified as neglected tropical diseases [5]

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