Abstract
This study investigated the use of pure polymer chitosan (CS), xanthan gum (XG), monomer 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and initiator potassium persulfate (KPS) as drug carrier system crosslinked through N′ N′-methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) for controlled drug delivery of acyclovir (ACV). ACV is highly effective and selective antiviral drugs used for prophylaxis and treatment against herpes simplex viruses (HSV) infections. Present oral marketed formulations are associated with number of side effects and shortcomings which hampered its clinical effectiveness. Hydrogels (FCX1-FCX9) composed of CS, XG, AMPS, MBA, and KPS were prepared by free radical polymerization technique and characterized through FTIR, PXRD, thermal analysis and SEM. Swelling dynamics and drug release behavior was also investigated. FTIR studies confirmed that ACV was successfully encapsulated into hydrogel polymeric network. SEM revealed porous structure whereas thermal analysis showed enhanced thermal stability of polymeric network. PXRD indicated amorphous dispersion of ACV during preparation process. Swelling dynamics and ACV release behavior from developed hydrogels was dependent on pH of the medium and concentration of pure reactants used. Korsmeyer-Peppas model was best fit to regression coefficient. The present work demonstrated a potential for developing a pH sensitive hydrogel for an antiviral drug ACV by using pure polymers CS, XG, and monomer AMPS.
Highlights
Acyclovir (ACV), an antiviral drug, is a purine nucleoside analog, used against viruses of the herpes group (Nair et al, 2014)
The difference between two groups was determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey test
The possible reason might be due to higher cross-linking density which decreases the elasticity of polymeric structure, restricting the movement of ACV from drug solution into developed hydrogel structure, leading to decrease in drug entrapment efficiency (Wang et al, 2009)
Summary
Acyclovir (ACV), an antiviral drug, is a purine nucleoside analog, used against viruses of the herpes group (Nair et al, 2014). It is available in the market as topical ointment, as capsules in the strength of 200 mg and as tablets in strength of 200 mg, 400 mg and 800 mg (Kubbinga et al, 2015). The present marketed formulations are related to variety of disadvantages after oral administration (Naik et al, 2014). All above short comings associated with marketed products have placed the need of different approaches like polymeric drug delivery system
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