Chitosan nanoparticles as particular emulsifier for preparation of novel pH-responsive Pickering emulsions and PLGA microcapsules

Abstract

In this work, we describe a novel and simple method for fabricating biocompatible microcapsules. Chitosan colloidal nanoparticle-coated micrometer-sized poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules were fabricated via a combined system of “Pickering-type” emulsion route and solvent volatilization method in the absence of any molecular surfactants. Stable oil-in-water emulsions were prepared using chitosan colloidal nanoparticles as a particulate emulsifier and a dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) solution of PLGA as an oil phase. Moreover, this stable emulsion present a good pH-responsive characteristic. The uncross-linked chitosan nanoparticles coated PLGA microcapsules were fabricated by the evaporation of CH2Cl2 from the emulsion, and the cross-linked chitosan nanoparticles coated PLGA microcapsules were prepared by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde and evaporation of CH2Cl2. The two types of microcapsules were characterized in terms of size, morphology using scanning electronic microscope (SEM), optical microscope, and so on. These observations confirm the robust nature of these cross-linked microcapsules. Moreover, a possible mechanism for the formation of these microcapsules was proposed. The combined system of Pickering emulsion and solvent volatilization opens up a new route to fabricate a variety of microcapsules.