Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System for 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives: Release and Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

Chitosan (CS) 1,2,4-triazole derivatives including in the formulation tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinking agent was prepared by a simple one step method using ultrasonic technique. The resultant nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared analysis (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), derivative thermal gravimetric analysis (D-TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 21, 14.6, 23.95, 29.5 nm and their standard deviation (SD) were ±5, ±5.3, ±5.3, ±7.9 nm for CSTPP, CSTPPIII, CSTPPIV and CSTPPV, respectively were successfully prepared. The in vitro release and mechanism of 1,2,4-triazoles at different pH values was investigated. From values of R2 the mechanism of drug release is following zero order mechanism at pH 6.8; however in pH 2, CSTPPIII, CSTPPIV and CSTPPV are following Hixson-Crowell, zero order and Korsmeyer-Peppas equation, respectively .The antibacterial activity against the gram negative bacteria and gram positive bacteria was examined.