Chitosan in the Light of Nanobiotechnology: A Mini Review

Abstract

The field of biotechnology emerged in the fast pace of biology with the interface of science, engineering and technology and mostly known for its multidisciplinary nature. As we progress successively in this domain, the refinement of the field is quite obvious. Looking into an era of nanoscience and technology, now a days , we are using the broader term nanobiotechnology which includes all basic scientific research currently studying the fundamental, biologically related physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and cellular nanoscale phenomena like biopolymer-protein assemblies, molecular motors, cellular electrochemical behavior and so on. Such fantastic nature based research understanding has guided us to utilize the natural polymer obtained from crustacean shells, fungi etc.: chitin the second most naturally occurring polysaccharide just after cellulose. Chitosan, the principle derivative of chitin is much more versatile and finds curiosity- driven research in nanobiotechnology. This mini review focuses on various formulation based on chitosan utilized in clinical as well as biomedical field with special emphasis on quantum dots, nanoparticles, carbon dots and also about some of the application such biosensors and biomarkers detection in the light of biopolymer, chitosan.