Chinese human smuggling organizations: families, social networks, and cultural imperatives

Abstract

Contents Preface xxx Acknowledgments xxx PART ONE. SNAKEHEADS AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING 1. Coming to America: Illegal Chinese Migration to the United States 3 2. Becoming a Snakehead 000 3. Recruitment, Preparation, and Departure 000 4. Smuggling Activities in Transit 000 5. Arrival and Payment Collection 000 6. Making Money from Human Smuggling 000 PART TWO. THE HUMAN SMUGGLING ORGANIZATION 7. Organizational and Operational Characteristics 000 8. The Dyadic Cartwheel Network 000 9. Human Smuggling and Traditional Chinese Organized Crime 000 10. Women and Chinese Human Smuggling 000 11. Future of Chinese Human Smuggling 000 Appendix A: Research Sites 000 Appendix B: Research Method 000 Notes 000 Glossary 000 References 000 Index 000 Tables, Figures, and Maps Tables 2.1. Demographics of Snakehead Subjects 000 2.2. Subjects' Employment Status 000 2.3. Involvement in Smuggling Activities 000 6.1. Smuggling Fees and Earnings 000 6.2. Prices of Specific Smuggling Services 000 7.1. Characteristics of Smuggling Organizations 000 7.2. Roles in Smuggling Business 000 9.1. A Comparison of Triad-Type Organizations and Human Smuggling Groups 000 10.1. Demographics of Snakehead Subjects by Gender 000 10.2. Method of Entry, Source of Clients and Motives by Gender 000 10.3. Primary Specialties in Smuggling Business by Gender 000 Figures 7.1. Smuggling Task Force Formation and Process of Operations 000 8.1. The Dyadic Cartwheel Network--A Conceptual Diagram of Chinese Human Smuggling Organizations 000 8.2. A Conceptual Diagram of the Task-Force Orientation of Chinese Human Smuggling Organizations 000 10.1. A Schematic Diagram of the Conditional Market Perspective 000 Maps 1.Map of China 000 2.Map of Fujian Province 000