Abstract
Objective: The present study was to explore the effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in alleviating hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) rats induced by testosterone propionate and the possible underlying mechanism. 
 Materials and methods: A total of forty female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, PCOS model group, CHM1 group and CHM2 group, with ten rats in each group. The rat models with PCOS were established by single injection of testosterone propionate at 9th day after birth. The status of estrous cyclicity for each rat was observed. After the treatment for 12 weeks ended, the serum levels of total testosterone (TT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), androstenedione, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) of the rats were measured with ELISA and mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1(PPARG1) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in the ovaries of the rats were detected with real-time quantitative PCR. 
 Results: The serum levels of LH/FSH, FAI and androstenedione of the PCOS model rats were the highest among all the groups (P0.05). The serum levels of androstenedione of the rats from CHM1 group were significantly lower than those of CHM2 group (P
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