Abstract
BackgroundThe China’s 1-3-7 strategy was initiated and extensively adopted in different types of counties (geographic regions) for reporting of malaria cases within 1 day, their confirmation and investigation within 3 days, and the appropriate public health response to prevent further transmission within 7 days. Assessing the level of compliance to the 1-3-7 strategy at the county level is a first step towards determining whether the surveillance and response strategy is happening according to plan. This study assessed if the time-bound targets of the 1-3-7 strategy were being sustained over time. Such information would be useful to improve implementation of the 1-3-7 strategy in China.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved country-wide programmatic data for the period January 1st 2013 to June 30th 2014. Data variables were extracted from the national malaria information system and included socio-demographic information, type of county, date of diagnosis, date of reporting, date of case investigation, case classification (indigenous, or imported, or unknown), focus investigation, date of reactive case detection (RACD), and date of indoor residual spraying (IRS). Summary statistics and proportions were used and comparisons between groups were assessed using the chi-square test. Level of significance was set at a P-value ≤ 0.05.ResultsOf a total of 5,688 malaria cases from 731 counties, there were 55 (1 %) indigenous cases (only in Type 1 and Type 2 counties) and 5,633 (99 %) imported cases from all types of counties. There was no delay in reporting malaria cases by type of county. In terms of case investigation, 97.5 % cases were investigated within 3 days with the proportion of delays (1.5 %) in type 2 counties, being significantly lower than type 1 counties (4.1 %). Regarding active foci, 96.4 % were treated by RACD and/or IRS.ConclusionsThe performance of 1-3-7 strategy was encouraging but identified some challenges that if addressed can further improve implementation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-015-0089-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
The China’s 1-3-7 strategy was initiated and extensively adopted in different types of counties for reporting of malaria cases within 1 day, their confirmation and investigation within 3 days, and the appropriate public health response to prevent further transmission within 7 days
The most widely adopted approach to surveillance and response is a strategy termed reactive case detection (RACD), whereby household members, neighbor’s, and other contacts of passively detected malaria cases are screened for infection and are treated with effective antimalarial drugs [1,2,3]
Thirteen of 14 countries in the Asia Pacific region and several countries in Africa [4,5,6,7] including Swaziland, South Africa, Zambia, Namibia and Senegal, and countries in the malaria elimination phase employ some form of RACD
Summary
The China’s 1-3-7 strategy was initiated and extensively adopted in different types of counties (geographic regions) for reporting of malaria cases within 1 day, their confirmation and investigation within 3 days, and the appropriate public health response to prevent further transmission within 7 days. Only 243 cases (accounting for 8.9 %) were designated as being indigenously acquired [9] This significant reduction of indigenous malaria incidence has been attributed to the program using an adapted form of RACD in surveillance and response. This adapted form is called the “1-3-7” strategy and has time-bound targets for case reporting, investigation, and foci response activities. The “1-3-7” refers respectively to reporting of malaria cases within one day, their confirmation and investigation within 3 days, and the appropriate public health response to prevent further transmission within 7 days
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