Abstract
Recent developments on the global arena, such as the deterioration of the relations between the United States (US) from one side, and Russia and China from the other, Russian-Chinese rapprochement after the Ukrainian crisis, open up a new discussion on the international organizations in Eurasia. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established with the aim to fight against “three evils”: terrorism, separatism, and extremism. Throughout the years it has shown its efficacy but lacked significant development in terms of evolution. Economic cooperation was stalled by the Russian stance, that was against the Chinese dominance in the Central Asian region. This led to the establishment of new economic entities such as Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Belt and Road Initiative. The issue of horizontal expansion was banned until the mid-2010s when Russia and China agreed to grant membership simultaneously to India and Pakistan. The aim of this article is to analyse Chinese foreign policy in the SCO and to find its interests and motive forces and the current relation to the organization.
Highlights
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) does not exist for a long period of time, when compared to other international organizations
China faces a difficult situation in the development of energy and economic cooperation
This relates to the inconstant interest of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in this organization: at the official level, the PRC has always declared the importance of the SCO, expert assessments varied
Summary
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) does not exist for a long period of time, when compared to other international organizations. An expanding range of interaction issues requires the development of such a mechanism for the Organization’s activities that, on the one hand, would ensure the effective achievement of the goals and objectives of the SCO, and on the other hand, would allow for the harmonization and consideration of the interests of the participating states, which often differ. For this reason, the main problem of the SCO seems to be the need to coordinate the policies of member states with different international political potentials and foreign policy aspirations. The authors analyse Chinese foreign policy in the SCO, emphasizing its core elements (Denisov, Safranchuk, 2016)
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