Abstract
This article examines the first encounter of official France with emerging opium-war China. In those days, the French Consuls took their first steps inside the vastly unknown Empire of the Ch'ing and they had to learn the hard way how to deal with the Chinese, how to compete with their British and American colleagues and how to pursue their particular interests : culture and Catholic Missions. The details that we leam from two outstanding French Consuls, Dabry de Thiersant in Hankow and Trenqualye in Canton, shed light not only on foreigners in China but also on the Chinese and their struggle for modemity.
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