Childhood and the Child as a Subject of Philosophical and Cultural Reflection

Diana Ivanovna Mamycheva

doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s6p211

Abstract

The article discusses the theming of childhood and child figures in the works of philosophers in different historical periods; analysis of the historical volatility of ways to describe his childhood on the basis of reflective experience of the meaning of human existence, having started in the real or symbolic act of birth, shows the importance of building up the meaning of the figure of a child for subjectivation. The possibility of an authentic understanding of childhood is associated with the need to self-determination, that is, looking at the definition of a child or talking about him as someone who had some expectations, a temporary experience, that is enclosed in a space of some eventful horizon which directs the power of vision. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s6p211

Highlights

An important sign of a number of cultural events in favor attention to the figures of the child and childhood that allows you to see the nature of cultural interest, reasons that go beyond a purely instrumental and positivist
The issue of childhood in ancient culture largely closed to the problems of education of obedient citizens, artists will of the authorities
The nature of the adoption of a child in the culture is determined by the degree of its proximity to the desired ideal, and as the most malleable in education during youth, early childhood was not considered worthy of attention

Summary

Introduction

An important sign of a number of cultural events in favor attention to the figures of the child and childhood that allows you to see the nature of cultural interest, reasons that go beyond a purely instrumental and positivist It seems that this promise vnepozitivistsky associated with such philosophical trends that determined the horizon of modern thought of the subject, as the phenomenology of Husserl, Heidegger's fundamental ontology, psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud. Way paved data philosophical project leads to such landmarks as the daily, beingwith-others, communication, personal history, creating the foundation for other systems of relations and thoughts It seems that the philosophical perspective reflection theme of childhood serves as an alternative to traditional expansion and psycho-pedagogical approach, centered mainly on the issues of socialization and optimization of the growing subject, the child as an agent of instrumental effects, and a child - as a kind of "simulator" for optimizing skills. Appeal to the approaches and ways of thinking about childhood themes as part of everyday life, the fact of their own history, the base of social order, teleological motif of questioning, the artistic image makes it possible in a variety of approaches to discover their individual childhood project that, implement the ability to be a modern subject

Literature Review

The Methodological Base of Research

Results and Discussion

Conclusion