Child Thoracic Osteoid Osteoma; Case Presentation, Review of Radiology and Management

Abstract

OO accounts for 10% of all benign bone tumors but only 1% of all spinal tumors. Only 4–13 percent of spinal injuries are caused by benign tumors [1]. osteoid osteoma accounts for just 0.3 percent of all primary bone tumors [2]. Osteoid osteomas are bone cell growth lesions that commonly affect lengthy bones. Only 20% of osteoid osteomas are seen in the spine. 9 Osteoid osteomas are composed of osteoblasts, which create juvenile bone tissue. They are typically tiny, benign, and self-limiting, with local prostaglandin PGE2 synthesis in the nidus (to which its main symptom, local pain, is attributed) [3]. An axial pain or nocturnal pain, as well as warning signs and nonspecific radiological findings, are some of the common symptoms of benign lesions in the spine. Osteoid osteoma is one of them. Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone-forming tumor affecting adolescents and young adults [4]. The typical presentation is painful nocturnal pain which alleviates by NSAIDs. Common locations are cortical diaphysis and spine; they are usually located in posterior elements and may cause painful scoliosis when affecting the spine. Imaging appearance on CT are oval lytic lesions known as nidus located within the dense cortical bone; on MR, reactive soft tissue and bone marrow edema is evident [5, 6].