Abstract
ABSTRACT The study aimed to determine the response of chia (Salvia hispanica) to nitrogen (N) fertilization at different sowing dates in southern Brazil. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates (5x2 factorial arrangements). Five N doses (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha−1) were used at two sowing dates (November, preferred, January, late). Growth variables, organ N concentrations, and grain yield were evaluated. Fertilizer N recovery efficiency, maximum technical, and economic efficiency were calculated. N doses applied via fertilizer at sowing in November provided the greatest effect on growth parameters and grain yield of chia, and a dose of 104 kg N ha−1 had the highest technical and economic efficiency. The higher NRE was in November at the dose of 30 and 60 kg N ha−1, and it was decreasing with the increased N dose. The meteorological conditions of the preferred sowing combined with the high doses of N promoted increased N supply in the soil, which was effectively absorbed and converted to shoot dry weight. November is the best time to sown chia and 104 kg N ha−1 is the most suitable dose.
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