Chest Computed Tomography Images in Neonatal Bronchial Pneumonia under the Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm.

Ying Sun,Liao Wu,Zhaofang Tian,Tianping Bao,Enas Abdulhay

doi:10.1155/2021/6183946

Abstract

This study was to explore the application value of chest computed tomography (CT) images processed by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in the diagnosis of neonatal bronchial pneumonia (NBP). The AI adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR) algorithm was adopted to reconstruct the chest CT image to compare and analyze the effect of the reconstruction of CT image under the ASiR algorithm under different preweight and postweight values based on the objective measurement and subjective evaluation. 85 neonates with pneumonia treated in hospital from September 1, 2015, to July 1, 2020, were selected as the research objects to analyze their CT imaging characteristics. Subsequently, the peripheral blood of healthy neonates during the same period was collected, and the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were detected. The efficiency of CT examination, CRP, ESR, and combined examination in the diagnosis of NBP was analyzed. The results showed that the subjective quality score, lung window subjective score, and mediastinal window subjective score were the highest after CT image reconstruction when the preweight value of the ASiR algorithm was 50%. After treatment, 79 NBP cases (92.9%) showed ground-glass features in CT images. Compared with the healthy neonates, the levels of CRP and ESR in the peripheral blood of neonates with bronchial pneumonia were much lower (P < 0.05). The accuracy rates of CT examination, CRP examination, ESR examination, CRP + ESR examination, and CRP + ESR + CT examination for the diagnosis of NBP were 80.7%, 75.3%, 75.1%, 80.3%, and 98.6%, respectively. CT technology based on AI algorithm showed high clinical application value in the feature analysis of NBP.

Highlights

Neonatal bronchial pneumonia (NBP) is the most common pediatric pneumonia disease caused by mycoplasma infection, accounting for about 10% of neonatal pneumonia
With the gradual increase of the preweight value of the adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR) algorithm, the subjective noise score in the reconstructed computed tomography (CT) image showed a gradual decline, indicating that the noise in the reconstructed CT image was gradually reduced during the operation of the ASiR algorithm
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a nonspecific marker for the evaluation of tissue inflammation and destruction, which can reflect the aggregation state of the fibrinogen and immunoglobulin of patients [26]. e results of this study revealed that neonates with bronchial pneumonia showed greatly increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and ESR levels, indicating that they suffered from systemic inflammatory response

Summary

Introduction

Neonatal bronchial pneumonia (NBP) is the most common pediatric pneumonia disease caused by mycoplasma infection, accounting for about 10% of neonatal pneumonia. Because of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the neonatal respiratory tract and the immune characteristics of the body, the morbidity and mortality of bronchial pneumonia in children are significantly increased compared with adults, and its clinical symptoms are different. It is still one of the important diseases threatening the health of newborns [1]. According to the statistics of the causes of neonatal death of the World Health Organization (WHO) from 2000 to 2003, bronchopneumonia accounted for 19%, which is the first cause of neonatal death; the incidence of NBP in developed countries is 0.05 times/person/ year. Pneumonia still ranks first in the neonatal prevalence and mortality in our country

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Discussion

Conclusion