Abstract
In the Western Desert of Egypt at Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East, the occurrence of upper Pleistocene lacustrine sediments indicates that climatic conditions far wetter than the present extreme aridity prevailed in the past. Numerous Middle Paleolithic archaeological sites on the shores of these former lakes, together with the local fossil plant and animal assemblage, attest to a more amenable environment than the present (Wendorf and Schild 1980; Wendorf et al. 1985). Based on tentative dating, the lacustrine sediments investigated for this study were deposited just prior to or during the last major interglacial (Isotope Stage 5e) at around 140–130 ka (Miller et al. 1991; Ch. 11, this volume).
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