Abstract
The Pleistocene deposits at Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East are an important resource for understanding the geomorphic and paleoclimatic development of the Sahara desert, and for interpreting the Paleolithic artifacts which are associated with them. This chapter presents descriptions and interpretations, mainly relying on the petrographic characteristics of texture and composition, for all the Middle Paleolithic sites studied. These data can be used to evaluate the archaeological record by viewing the lithic artifact taphonomy from a sedimentological (geoarchaeological) perspective, and to understand the sedimentological, geomorphic, and hydrologie processes which occurred in the Pleistocene Sahara.
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