Abstract
No chemical imbalances have been proven to exist in relation to any mental health condition, like serotonin deficiency in synapses in the so-called depressive disorders or dopamine imbalance and dopamine receptors distribution in socalled schizophrenia. No independent objective biological marker or current brain imagining science like fMRI exist to date in support of any psychiatric diagnosis, and finally yet importantly, no biological causes exist for any of the socalled psychiatric disorders. If we avoid Cartesian dualism, the claim that mental disorders are biological is obviously a tautology. Given the facts above, psychiatric diagnostic manuals, such as the DSM and ICD, are school examples of what evidence-based science is not and represent nothing but a failed attempt to build a legal road from Health Care to Hell Care by over-medicalization and by the suffering of human and non-human animals. Furthermore, psychiatric drugs can have long-lasting effects on the brain and the central nervous system, while, the withdrawal from them can cause a range of severe physical and psychological effects.
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