Abstract
Introduction: Tiliacora triandra (F. Menispermaceae) is edible and is also known for medicinal values. The leaves are a popular flavoring in Southeast Asia, especially in the northeast of Thailand. The objectives of this study were to determine the major constituents of the leaves of T. triandra, and assess their anticancer activities against human cancer cell lines. Methods: The leaves were extracted by a soxhlet apparatus with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water. Major constituents were then purified and identified using chromatographic procedures and various spectroscopic techniques. In vitro anticancer activity tests of T. triandra extracts were performed by resazurinmicroplate assay (REMA), and tested with 3 cell lines: oral cavity cancer (KB), lung cancer (NCI-H187) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Results: The result indicated that the main compound of T. triandra leaves was oxoanolobine. The methanol extract showed the highest cytotoxic activity against lung cancer (NCI-H187) cell line whereas the water extract exhibited the highest activity against oral cavity cancer (KB) cell line. The IC50 of oxoanolobine against the NCI-H187 cell line was 27.60 ± 4.30 µg/mL. Conclusion: T. triandra leaves contain oxoanolobine as the major constituent and have the potential of anticancer activity but are required to be investigated further.
Highlights
The chemical component was isolated from the methanol extract of T. triandra leaves by chromatographic separation on a Silica gel column
The methanol extract and the water extract showed potent activity against oral cavity cancer (KB) and lung cancer (NCIH187), respectively, whereas the petroleum ether and the dichloromethane extracts appeared to be inactive in all human cancer (IC50>50 mg /mL)
Oxonanolobine possessed moderate activity against NCI-H187 with Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) value of 27.6 ± 4.30 mg /ml when compared to the standard anticancer drugs, doxorubicin and ellipticine
Summary
Tiliacora triandra Diels (Menispermaceae) is a species of flowering plant native to Southeast Asia This plant is widespread in the northeast of Thailand and Lao PDR. It is a climbing plant with deep green leaves and yellowish flowers Their leaves are used in many cuisines of the northeast of Thailand and Lao PDR, especially in traditional bamboo shoot soup. Previous study demonstrated that plants containing bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment cancer.[3] Chemical analysis revealed that T. triandra possesses high levels of beta-carotene and minerals such as calcium and iron.[4] The root extract is used for treatment of fever and malaria.[5] The water extract does not cause acute or subchronic toxicities in either male or female rats.[6]
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