Chemical Composition, Production of Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity in Coffee Cultivars Susceptible and Partially Resistant to Bacterial Halo Blight.

Joyce Alves Goulart Da Silva,Ana Cristina Andrade Monteiro,Adriene Ribeiro Lima,Matheus Henrique Brito Pereira,Ingridy Simone Ribeiro,Luiz Roberto Marques Albuquerque,Mário Lúcio Vilela De Resende,Deila Magna Dos Santos Botelho

doi:10.3390/plants10091915

Abstract

Coffee production is one of the main agricultural activities in Brazil, and several coffee cultivars with disease resistance have already been developed. The secondary metabolites produced by plants are closely associated with defense strategies, and the resistance of coffee cultivars to bacterial halo blight (BHB) can be related to these compounds. Therefore, this study aims to compare a partially resistant coffee cultivar (Iapar-59) and a susceptible cultivar (Mundo Novo 376/4) to BHB (Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae) in relation to the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the leaf extracts. In addition, this study determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenolic profiles of the Iapar-59 leaf extracts of plants inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae. The Iapar-59 extract showed a higher content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids than the Mundo Novo 376/4 extract. Both cultivars contained gallic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids; however, the highest contents were quantified in the Iapar-59 cultivar. The leaf extracts from the Iapar-59 cultivar exhibited higher antioxidant activity. Higher concentrations of gallic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids and the presence of vanillin were detected in the extract of cultivar Iapar-59 inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae.

Highlights

Plants produce large amounts of organic compounds without a direct function in their growth and development
Phenolic compounds including phenylpropanoids and flavonoids are important secondary metabolites synthesized by plants
The Mundo Novo and Iapar-59 cultivars showed variation in disease severity, as reported by Andreazi et al [22], who evaluated the resistance to bacterial halo blight (BHB) in trials performed under field conditions

Summary

Introduction

Plants produce large amounts of organic compounds without a direct function in their growth and development. These substances are secondary metabolites and are strongly involved in the interaction between plants and pathogens [1]. Phenolic compounds including phenylpropanoids and flavonoids are important secondary metabolites synthesized by plants. Phenolic compounds are toxic to pathogens and are rapidly produced and accumulate after infection, in resistant varieties. Chlorogenic, caffeic and gallic acids are examples of some of these compounds. Flavonoids are involved in plant protection against pathogens, and defense-related flavonoids can be divided into preformed (basal resistance) or induced by stress, biotic/abiotic [4].

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