CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF PYRETHRUM BALSAMITA (L.) WILLD. FROM AZERBAIJAN

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Pyrethrum balsamita (L.) Willd. (syn.: Tanacetum balsamita L.) is a wild-growing plant in Azerbaijan. P. balsamita refers to perennial plant which grows up to 25 and 90 cm. The plant is polycarpic, mezophyte. It grows in fragments, forming small clumps. This is a common plant in Azerbaijan, and mainly grows in the northern and central parts of the Minor Caucasus and mountainous part of Nakhchivan AR. It occurs in damp or swampy meadows, along the mountain streams of subalpine to alpine zone. In traditional medicine, the aerial part of P. balsamita is used as an infusion for stomach cramps as a painkiller during budding and flowering. The powder of the flowers is used as anthelmintic. Small amounts of the young leaves, stems, buds at the beginning of budding are added to salads, meat and fish soups, vegetable dishes, and the powder of herbs - in desserts and pastries, as well as other drinks and kvass as a spice. Essential oil of P. balsamita used in perfumery, cosmetic industry and also in food industry. The composition of the essential oil that hydrodistilled from the above ground parts of plant in the end of the budding and in the beginning of the flowering periods were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The above-ground part of plant contains 0,6% of essential oil, that has brown colour and camphor odour. In total 23 components were identified. T he major compounds of essential oil were camphor (+)- ( 25,29%) and L-borneol (21,84%).