Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from leaves and flowers of Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth.

Mansureh Ghavam,Gianluigi Bacchetta,Maria Letizia Manca,Maria Manconi

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73193-y

Mansureh Ghavam, Gianluigi Bacchetta + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73193-y

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: Sep 24, 2020
Citations: 63	License type: open-access

Affiliation: University of Cagliari, University of Kashan

Abstract

The majority of essential oils obtained from vascular plants have been demonstrated to be effective in treating fungal and bacterial infections. Among others, Salvia hydrangea is an endemic half-shrub belonging to the Lamiaceae family that has been widely used from ancient times in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to compare the composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils obtained from leaves or flowers of this plant, collected from the Daran region of Iran during June 2018. The oils were obtained using Clevenger apparatus, their composition was evaluated by means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and the antimicrobial properties were assayed by measuring inhibition halos, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The yield of leaf oil was ~ 0.25% and that of flower oil was ~ 0.28%. Oil composition was affected by the part of the plants used: the most abundant bioactives contained in leaf essential oil were (+)-spathulenol (16.07%), 1,8-cineole (13.96%), trans-caryophyllene (9.58%), β-pinene (8.91%) and β-eudesmol (5.33%) and those in flower essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (35.47%), 1,8-cineole (9.54%), trans-caryophyllene (6.36%), β-eudesmol (4.11%), caryophyllenol-II (3.46%) and camphor (3.33%). Both the oils showed a significant inhibitory and lethal effect on the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC ~ 16 µg/mL), Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC ~ 62 µg/mL). Therefore, the essential oils obtained from both leaves and flowers of S. hydrangea may have potential application as bactericidal agents against some bacteria.

Highlights

The majority of essential oils obtained from vascular plants have been demonstrated to be effective in treating fungal and bacterial infections
Essential oils derived from plants have demonstrated promising antimicrobial therapeutic effects, which are generally accompanied by reduced side effects[11]
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses showed that the chemical composition of essential oils was similar even though oil from leaves contained 39 components and that from flowers only 27

Summary

Introduction

The majority of essential oils obtained from vascular plants have been demonstrated to be effective in treating fungal and bacterial infections. Oil composition was affected by the part of the plants used: the most abundant bioactives contained in leaf essential oil were (+)-spathulenol (16.07%), 1,8-cineole (13.96%), trans-caryophyllene (9.58%), β-pinene (8.91%) and β-eudesmol (5.33%) and those in flower essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (35.47%), 1,8-cineole (9.54%), trans-caryophyllene (6.36%), β-eudesmol (4.11%), caryophyllenol-II (3.46%) and camphor (3.33%) Both the oils showed a significant inhibitory and lethal effect on the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC ~ 16 μg/mL), Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC ~ 62 μg/mL). Essential oils derived from plants have demonstrated promising antimicrobial therapeutic effects, which are generally accompanied by reduced side effects[11] They have been screened and used in pharmacology, herbal pharmacology, medical microbiology and p hytopathology[12] especially because of Scientific Reports | (2020) 10:15647. Many Salvia species and their essential oils are commonly used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products or used as additives for foods (seasonings and flavors)[25,26]

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