Abstract
White mulberry tree (Morus alba L) is cultivated throughout Asia and Europe, including Poland. The leaves and root bark preparations from Morus alba have been used in traditional phytomedicine. The objective of the present study was to compare chemical composition and antioxidative activity of aqueous extracts prepared from Polish variety of Morus alba leaves at the laboratory (L) and pilot plant scale (PP) conditions. Proximate composition, phenolic acids profile (HPLC/MS), flavonol glicosides (HPLC/ MS), polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), and the antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH assay) of the extracts were determined. The main phenolic compounds were identified as gallic, protocatechuic, phydroxybenzoic, vanillic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids. Chlorogenic acid was the main phenolic constituent of both extracts. The flavonols fraction contained rutin, quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol 3-β-D- glucopyranoside. Total concentration of phenolic compounds were 7.9 g and 14.4 g gallic acid equivalent/100 g extract, and antioxidant activity was 137.1 and 214.1 μMol Trolox equivalent/g dry weight for the PP and L extracts, respectively. We concluded that current pilot plant process is less efficient than laboratory process at the aqueous extraction of bioactive components from Morus alba dried leaves. Potential improvements may include increasing efficacy of the extraction, decreasing losses of bioactive components during the process, or both.
Highlights
White mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) is a deciduous tree originating from Asia but currently cultivated in subtropical, tropical, and moderate environments [1]
We have described the laboratory process of aqueous extraction of Morus alba leaves and young shoots dried at 30°C - 60°C and recommended specific technical and technological requirements for the pilot plant scale process [5]
Our results show that the L extract, which had a higher content of polyphenols, phenolic acids, and flavonols than the Pilot plant (PP) extract, exhibited higher antioxidant activity, as measured by ABTS and DPPH tests
Summary
White mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) is a deciduous tree originating from Asia but currently cultivated in subtropical, tropical, and moderate environments [1]. Wielkolista zolwinska since it is the best adapted variety to local climate conditions. In Poland, a major cultivated variety is Morus alba L var. It is grown as a shrub from which leaves are harvested annually in July, dried, packaged, and sold as herbal teas. We have described the laboratory process of aqueous extraction of Morus alba leaves and young shoots dried at 30°C - 60°C and recommended specific technical and technological requirements for the pilot plant scale process [5]. The objective of this study was to compare chemical composition and antioxidant properties of extracts obtained at both laboratory and pilot scale processes
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