Charge States of y Ions in the Collision-Induced Dissociation of Doubly Charged Tryptic Peptide Ions

Abstract

Bonds that break in collision-induced dissociation (CID) are often weakened by a nearby proton, which can, in principle, be carried away by either of the product fragments. Since peptide backbone dissociation is commonly charge-directed, relative intensities of charge states of product y- and b-ions depend on the final location of that proton. This study examines y-ion charge distributions for dissociation of doubly charged peptide ions, using a large reference library of peptide ion fragmentation generated from ion-trap CID of peptide ions from tryptic digests. Trends in relative intensities of y(2+) and y(1+) ions are examined as a function of bond cleavage position, peptide length (n), residues on either side of the bond and effects of residues remote from the bond. It is found that y(n-2)/b(2) dissociation is the most sensitive to adjacent amino acids, that y(2+)/y(1+) steadily increase with increasing peptide length, that the N-terminal amino acid can have a major influence in all dissociations, and in some cases other residues remote from the bond cleavage exert significant effects. Good correlation is found between the values of y(2+)/y(1+) for the peptide and the proton affinities of the amino acids present at the dissociating peptide bond. A few deviations from this correlation are rationalized by specific effects of the amino acid residues. These correlations can be used to estimate trends in y(2+)/y(1+) ratios for peptide ions from amino acid proton affinities.