Charge-sign dependence of cosmic-ray modulation by the PAMELA experiment

Abstract

To study the solar modulation of cosmic-ray fluxes below 1 GeV, machine learning methods allowed obtaining the flux ratios of positrons and electrons with energies from 100 to 500 MeV, and the fluxes of electrons and protons with 1–1.7 GV rigidities from the PAMELA experiment for 2006–2016. The observed features of the data obtained and its comparison with the AMS-02 experimental data enable researching the charge-sign dependence of the modulation around the solar minimum in 2009 and the maximum in 2015.