Abstract
Measurements of electrophoretic mobility and particle size of low density lipoproteins (LDL) allowed use of standard electrokinetic theory to quantitate LDL charge characteristics from subjects with predominance of large LDL (pattern A, n = 9) or small LDL (pattern B, n = 8). Pattern A LDL was found to have significantly lower (P < or = 0.001) mobility (-0.22 +/- 0.01 micron s-1 cm V-1), surface potential (-4.2 +/- 0.3 mV) and charge density (-500 +/- 34 esu/cm2) than pattern B LDL (-0.25 +/- 0.01 micron s-1 cm V-1, -4.9 +/- 0.3 mV, and -580 +/- 30 esu/cm2), but no significant difference in particle valence (-22.0 +/- 1.4 for pattern A vs. -21.8 +/- 1.9 for pattern B). Thus, the greater mobility of pattern B LDL is due to similar net charge residing on a smaller particle. Comparison of subfractions in pattern B relative to pattern A LDL revealed greater surface potential in all pattern B subfractions and greater charge density in fractions of d > or = 1.032 g/ml. In a subset of subjects incubation with neuraminidase produced significant reductions in all LDL charge parameters for all subfractions, but did not abolish the differences between pattern A and B. Thus increased surface potential and charge density of unfractionated pattern B LDL is due both to charge properties of particles across the size and density spectrum as well as enrichment of pattern B LDL with smaller, denser particles that have higher surface charge density.
Highlights
Measurement of electrophoretic mobility arid particle size of low density lipoproteins (LDL)allowed use of standard electrokinetic theory to quantitate LDL, charge characteristics from subjects with predominance of large LDL or small LDL
Diameter LDL [14, 16, 17].We previously reported that the small, dense LDL predominating in pattern B subjects have decreased levels of glycosylation of apolipoprotein B and decreased sialic acid content
Normolipidemic volunteers were recruited for this study based on previously determined LDL particle size as measured by non-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of plasma followed by lipid staining
Summary
Pattern A LDL was found to have significantlylower ( P 5 0.001) mobility (-0.22 2 0.01 pm s-' cm V I ) , surface potential (-4.2 2 0.3 mV) and charge density (-500 5 34 esu/cmp) than pattern B LDL In a subset of subjects incubation with neuraminidase produced significantreductionsin all LDL charge parameters for all subfractions, but did not abolish the differences between pattern Aand B.IThusincreased surfacepotentialand charge density of unfractionated pattern B LDL is due both to charge properties of particles across the size and density spectrum as well as enrichmentof pattern B LDLwith smaller,denser particlesthat have higher surface charge density.-La Belle, M., P. Charge properties of low density lipoprotein subclasses.,J Lipid Res. 1997.38 690-700
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